Iraq

Improvised mines: a deadly legacy

Between 2014 and 2017, the Islamic State group laid hundreds of thousands of improvised mines across the areas it occupied in Iraq: around villages, key infrastructure, roads, fields, schools and even inside houses. These improvised explosive devices, made from everyday materials, continue to restrict access to essential areas and slow reconstruction. They have also left communities living in constant fear and uncertainty, delaying the return of displaced families and the resumption of daily life in affected regions.

A boy was herding sheep when a mine exploded under his feet. His cousin came to help him, and then another device exploded.

Resident of Al-Khalidiya

Millions of square metres cleared

FSD began operations in Iraq in 2016, while parts of the country were still under Islamic State control. Since then, several demining teams have been deployed, particularly in the provinces of Nineveh and Kirkuk. FSD focuses on the destruction of improvised explosive devices, also known as improvised mines. Deminers often use armoured construction machinery to remove rubble from collapsed buildings, paving the way for reconstruction.

In early 2025, six demining teams were deployed in Nineveh and Kirkuk, supported by armoured machinery and remote-controlled systems to inspect hazardous structures. During the first weeks of the year, teams cleared contaminated land in areas such as Qayyarah, Makhmur and Dabes. 

At the same time, teams conduct explosive ordnance risk education sessions in villages and schools to inform both children and adults and prevent accidents. Digital campaigns complement these activities to reach as many people as possible.

However, at the end of January 2025, operations had to be suspended following an unexpected cessation of funding. Partially cleared areas were secured and marked in coordination with national authorities, and communities were informed of the remaining risks. 

At the end of 2025, new funding from the Canton of Geneva made it possible to re-establish operations through the deployment of an all-female demining team. 

Supporting the return of displaced families

Since it began operations in Iraq, FSD has destroyed more than 23,000 improvised mines. This vital work has allowed many displaced families to return home and rebuild safely. Shepherds can once again graze their animals without danger, and children can play outdoors without fear. By raising community awareness of the dangers of improvised mines, FSD helps reduce the risk of accidents in areas that still await clearance.

At the end of 2025, new funding from the Canton of Geneva made it possible to re-establish operations through the deployment of an all-female demining team.

In 2025, FSD’s mine action programme in Iraq was funded by the United States Department of State, the Canton de Genève and private donors.

News from Iraq

View all

Mine clearance in the mountains of Mosul

Dear Reader, My name is Chris Hunter and I’ve been part of FSD’s team in Iraq for several years. As…

Humanitarian demining Iraq

A mined cemetery rehabilitated in Iraq

Today, Kubaiba is once again at peace. Although the village has not yet regained its original population of 2500, inhabitants…

Landmines and explosive remnants Humanitarian demining Iraq

Capacity building: our partner in Iraq is now accredited to clear improvised mines

After months of practical training, SHO staff now have the necessary skills to carry out all stages of the demining…

Humanitarian demining Iraq